Robotics Powerpoint Presentation

What is robotics

• The word robotics is used to collectivily define a field in engineering that covers the mimicking of various human characteristics 
• Sound concepts in many engineering disciplines is needed for working in this field 
• It find its uses in all aspects of our life

What  Robot can mean? 

• An automatic industrial machine replacing the human in hazardous work. 
• An automatic mobile sweeper machine at a modern home. 
• An automatic toy car for a child to play with. 
• A machine removing mines in a war field all by itself and many more… 

Robotics

It is a field of Engineering that covers the mimic
king of human behavior. 

Robotics includes the knowledge of Mechanical, Electronics, Electrical & Computer Science Engineering. 

Laws of Robotics 

Asimov's Laws of Robotics: 

• The term robotics was coined in the 1940s by science fiction writer Isaac Asimov. 
• A robot may not injure a human being, or, through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm. 
• A robot must obey the orders given it by human beings except where such order would conflict with the First Law. 
• A robot must protect its own existence as long as such protection does not conflict with the First or Second Law. 

WHY ROBOTICS ? 

• Speed. 
• It can work hazardous/dangerous 
• environment. 
• To perform repetitive task. 
• Efficiency 
• Accuracy 
• Adaptability 

Types of Robot 

• Wheeled 
• Legged 
• Climbing 
• Flying 

Components of ROBOTS 

• Structure 
• Power source 
• Actuation 
• Sensing 
• Manipulation 
• Locomotion 

Structure 

• The structure of a robot is usually mostly mechanical and can be called a kinematic chain. 
• The chain is formed of links (its bones), actuators (its muscles), and joints which can allow one or more degrees of freedom. 

Power Supply 

• Suitable power supply is needed to run the motors and associated circuitry 
• Typical power requirement ranges from 3V to 24V DC 
• 220V AC supply must be modified to suit the needs of our machine 
• Batteries can also be used to run robots 

Robots are driven by different motors :- 

• DC Motors 
• Stepper Motors 
• Servo Motors 

DC Motors 

• As the name suggests, a motor which uses a DC (Direct Current) power 
• Can run in both directions 
• Speed Controllable 

Stepper Motors 

• Used for measured rotation 
• Can be held at a particular position of the shaft 
• Ideal for many autonomous robots requiring higher precision 

Servo Motors : 

• Used in closed loop control systems in which work is the control variable. 
• An integral feedback device (resolver) or devices (encoder and tachometer) are either incorporated within the servo motor or are remotely mounted, often on the load itself 

ACTUATION 

• Actuators are the "muscles" of a robot, the parts which convert stored energy into movement. 
• The most popular actuators are electric motors. 

MANIPULATION 

• Robots which must work in the real world require some way to manipulate objects; pick up, modify, destroy, or otherwise have an effect. 
• Thus the 'hands' of a robot are often referred to as end effectors, while the arm is referred to as a manipulator. 

Some manipulators are: 

• Mechanical Grippers 
• Vacuum Grippers 
• General purpose effectors 

LOCOMOTION 

• It is concerned with the motion of the robot. 
• Robot contains different types of drives:- 

Differential drive 

• Car type 
• Skid steer drive 
• Synchronous drive 
• Pivot drive 
• Articulated drive 
• DIFFERENTIAL DRIVE 
• ACKERMAN DRIVE 
• SKID STEER DRIVE 
• SYNCHRONOUS DRIVE 
• PIVOT DRIVE 

ADVANTAGES 

• Revolution in Medical science and Health care systems. 
• New & wide scope in Education & Training. 
• A good help in Nuclear industry. 
• Used tremendously in Sports activities. 
• Play the role of an efficient assistance in Research and Development sciences. 
• Can very well handle household business. 

FUTURE PROSPECTS 

• Scientists say that it is possible that a robot brain will exist by 2019 . 
• Vernor Vinge has suggested that a moment may come when computers and robots are smarter than humans. 
• In 2009, some robots acquired various forms of semi-autonomy, including being able to find power sources on their own. 
• The Association for the Advancement of Artificial Intelligence has researched on this problem.

Also check : Special robots power point presentation

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